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A Concise Guide to English Grammar

Phillip Haisley

Section A.9 Adjectival Modifiers

This section shows every way to modify a noun, from simple prenominal adjectives to post-modifying participial phrases and relative clauses.
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Syntax tree showing adjective "red" in prenominal position before the noun
Figure A.9.1. Prenominal Adjective: The red car stopped
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Syntax tree showing adjective "red" in predicative position after copular verb
Figure A.9.2. Predicative Adjective: The car is red
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Syntax tree showing PP "on the shelf" as adjectival post-modifier of noun
Figure A.9.3. PP as Post-Modifier: The book on the shelf is mine
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Syntax tree showing infinitive "to spare" as adjectival post-modifier
Figure A.9.4. Infinitive as Post-Modifier: He has time to spare
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Syntax tree showing present participial phrase as adjectival modifier
Figure A.9.5. Present Participial Phrase: The woman singing on stage waved
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Syntax tree showing past participial phrase as adjectival modifier
Figure A.9.6. Past Participial Phrase: The report written by the team was thorough
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Syntax tree showing restrictive relative clause modifying the noun
Figure A.9.7. Restrictive Relative Clause: The students who studied passed
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Syntax tree showing non-restrictive relative clause modifying the noun
Figure A.9.8. Non-Restrictive Relative Clause: My sister, who lives in Boston, called
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