Diagram Examples

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Section 8.12 Diagram Examples

This section provides reference diagrams for the sentence patterns introduced in this chapter.

Subsection 8.12.1 Pattern 1: Intransitive (S-V)

8.8.1 A: Basic intransitive.

Multi-level labeling table for "Cameras flashed"

Syntax tree for "Cameras flashed" showing S with NP and VP

[S [NP [N Cameras]] [VP [V flashed]]]

8.8.1 B: Intransitive with adverbials.

Multi-level labeling table for "She spoke quietly in the library"

Syntax tree for "She spoke quietly in the library" showing an intransitive verb with two optional adverbials

[S [NP [PRON She]] [VP [V spoke] [ADVP [ADV quietly]] [PP [PREP in] [NP [DET the] [N library]]]]]

8.8.1 C: Intransitive with conjoined verbs.

Multi-level labeling table for "Gandalf thinks and acts"

Syntax tree for "Gandalf thinks and acts" with coordinated VPs

[S [NP [N Gandalf]] [VP [VP [V thinks]] [CONJ and] [VP [V acts]]]]

Subsection 8.12.2 Pattern 2: Transitive (S-V-DO)

8.8.2 A: Basic transitive.

Multi-level labeling table for "Weasels stalk rabbits"

Syntax tree for "Weasels stalk rabbits" showing transitive structure

[S [NP [N Weasels]] [VP [V stalk] [NP [N rabbits]]]]

Subsection 8.12.3 Pattern 3: Ditransitive (S-V-IO-DO)

8.8.3 A: Ditransitive with indirect and direct objects.

Multi-level labeling table for "Marie sent Ramon a gift"

Syntax tree for "Marie sent Ramon a gift" with IO and DO

[S [NP [N Marie]] [VP [V sent] [NP [N Ramon]] [NP [DET a] [N gift]]]]

Subsection 8.12.4 Pattern 4: Linking/Copular (S-V-SC)

8.8.4 A: Copular with NP complement.

Multi-level labeling table for "am an optimist"

Syntax tree for "I am an optimist" with NP as subject complement

[S [NP [PRON I]] [VP [V am] [NP [DET an] [N optimist]]]]

8.8.4 B: Copular with AdjP complement.

Multi-level labeling table for "She is happy"

Syntax tree for "She is happy" with ADJP as subject complement

[S [NP [PRON She]] [VP [V is] [ADJP [ADJ happy]]]]

8.8.4 C: Copular with PP adverbial.

Multi-level labeling table for "Phillip is over the moon"

Syntax tree for "Phillip is over the moon" with PP complement

[S [NP [N Phillip]] [VP [V is] [PP [PREP over] [NP [DET the] [N moon]]]]]

8.8.4 D: Copular with AdvP adverbial.

Multi-level labeling table for "Phillip is here"

Syntax tree for "Phillip is here" with ADVP complement

[S [NP [N Phillip]] [VP [V is] [ADVP [ADV here]]]]

8.8.4 E: Linking verb with AdjP.

Multi-level labeling table for "Phillip became famous"

Syntax tree for "Phillip became famous" with linking verb and ADJP

[S [NP [N Phillip]] [VP [V became] [ADJP [ADJ famous]]]]

8.8.4 F: Linking verb with NP.

Multi-level labeling table for "Phillip became a doctor"

Syntax tree for "Phillip became a doctor" with linking verb and NP

[S [NP [N Phillip]] [VP [V became] [NP [DET a] [N doctor]]]]

Subsection 8.12.5 Pattern 5: Complex Transitive (S-V-DO-OC)

8.8.5 A: Complex transitive with AdjP object complement.

Multi-level labeling table for "The jury found him guilty"

Syntax tree for "The jury found him guilty" with DO and AdjP OC

[S [NP [DET The] [N jury]] [VP [V found] [NP [PRON him]] [ADJP [ADJ guilty]]]]

8.8.5 B: Complex transitive with NP object complement.

Multi-level labeling table for "They elected her president"

Syntax tree for "They elected her president" with DO and NP OC

[S [NP [PRON They]] [VP [V elected] [NP [PRON her]] [NP [N president]]]]