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A Concise Guide to English Grammar

Phillip Haisley

Section A.8 Adverbials

This section shows every form an adverbial can take, building from single-word adverbs to adverbial clauses and participial phrases.
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Syntax tree showing AdvP functioning as adverbial modifier of the verb
Figure A.8.1. AdvP as Adverbial: She ran quickly
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Syntax tree showing PP functioning as adverbial of place
Figure A.8.2. PP as Place Adverbial: He works in the city
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Syntax tree showing PP functioning as adverbial of time
Figure A.8.3. PP as Time Adverbial: She arrived at noon
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Syntax tree showing NP "every day" functioning as adverbial
Figure A.8.4. NP as Adverbial: I sleep every day
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Syntax tree showing adverbial clause of reason introduced by "because"
Figure A.8.5. Adverbial Clause — Reason: She left because she was tired
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Syntax tree showing fronted adverbial clause of time introduced by "When"
Figure A.8.6. Adverbial Clause — Time (Fronted): When the class ended, students left
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Syntax tree showing infinitive clause functioning as adverbial of purpose
Figure A.8.7. Infinitive as Purpose Adverbial: He saved money to buy a car
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Syntax tree showing participial phrase functioning as adverbial
Figure A.8.8. Participial Adverbial: Walking home, she noticed the sunset
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Syntax tree showing sentence-level adverb "Fortunately" modifying the entire sentence
Figure A.8.9. Sentence-Level Adverb: Fortunately, she passed
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Syntax tree showing multiple adverbials of different types in one sentence
Figure A.8.10. Multiple Adverbials: She worked hard all day in the library
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